Caraka : Caraka Samhita : Relief from Suffering (AdhyAtmika,Adhibhautika,Adhidaivika) : Ayurveda – 4 « Ancient Indians

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Caraka : Caraka Samhita : Relief from Suffering (AdhyAtmika,Adhibhautika,Adhidaivika) : Ayurveda – 4

The goal of Ancient Rishis (RSis) was human happiness and deliverance from misery. Whether it was Vedas, Yoga, Bhoga, Philosophy, or Ayurveda or anything else.

Misery was said to be caused by an illness due to an imbalance of the tridoshas (AdhyAtmika), natural causes like tsunamis (Adhibhautika) and fate, or divine causes (Adhidaivika).

Ayurveda philosophy isbased on the vais’eSika of kAnaDa, Nyaya of gautama and sAnkhya of kapila and yet differs from them in being far more practical. (Philosophies : God and Vedas in different Ancient Indian Philosophies).

Krishna said that Akshara, the indestructible, is the ultimate Brahman. Its own state is the Adhyatma – the first or best soul. The state of Kshara, (which can be destroyed) is Adhibhuta. The Purusha or Divine Being is Adhidaiva and Krishna is the Adhiyagnya. Purusha is commonly used to mean man, and in prayer it is used to mean God. In that context, Purusha is The Man. But Krishna is the first or best Yagnya or worship that is in all beings, the spirit or essence of all things. (Bhagavad Gita Complete : Satya Bhashyam (vyAkhyAnam) Chapter 8).

Yajnavalkya said, “Brahmanas conversant with the topics of enquiry speak of

the two feet as Adhyatma, the act of walking as Adhibhuta, and Vishnu as Adhidaivatam (of those two limbs).
The lower duct (anal canal) is Adhyatma; its function of throwing out the excreta is Adhibhuta, and Mitra (Surya) is the Adhidaivata (of that organ).
The organ of generation is called Adhyatma. Its agreeable function is called Adhibhuta, and Prajapati is its Adhidaivata.
The hands are Adhyatma; their function as represented by acts is Adhibhuta; and Indra is the Adhidaivata of those limbs.
The organs of speech are Adhyatma; the words uttered by them are Adhibhuta; and Agni is their Adhidaivata.
The eye is Adhyatma; vision or form is its Adhibhuta; and Surya is the Adhidaivata of that organ.
The ear is Adhyatma; sound is Adhibhuta; and the points of the horizon are its Adhidaivata.
The tongue is Adhyatma, taste is its Adhibhuta; and Water is its Adhidaivata.
The sense of scent is Adhyatma; odour is its Adhibhuta; and Earth is its Adhidaivata.
The skin is Adhyatma; touch is its Adhibhuta; and Wind is its Adhidaivata.
Mind has been called Adhyatma; that with which the Mind is employed is Adhibhuta; and Chandramas is its Adhidaivata.
Consciousness is Adhyatma; conviction in one’s identity with Prakriti is its Adhibhuta; and Mahat or Buddhi is its Adhidaivata.
Buddhi is Adhyatma; that which is to be understood is its Adhibhuta; and Kshetrajna is its Adhidaivata.” (Source : Yagnyavalkya and Daivarati conversation in Mahabharata : Section 311, Mahabharata Santi Parva, Moksha Dharma Parva, Translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguli )