The advent of borewell technology and expansion of electricity network in agricultural areas led to the exponential growth in exploitation of ground water in India, since the 1980s.
This reduced risks associated with irregular monsoon and rain fed farming. The trade-off for the food security is leadung to non-sustainability, defradation of water quality and environmental concerns.
14% area in Andhra Pradesh is over-exploiting the ground water beyond sustainable limits, that means drawing more water than the dynamic recharge.
It is also correlated with higher concentrations of fluoride leading to physical deformities.
Reference : Water Resources in Andhra Pradesh : Gupta, Chappuis, Tucker
